TOKYO—Toshiba Corporation (TOKYO: 6502) has developed a fast, cable-free contactless charger for electric vehicles (EV) , and will field test it on a medium-sized EV bus designed to handle the power demands of regular high-speed journeys on expressways. Field tests will start from June 1 and continue until December.
The 45-seat bus is powered by a long-life, high-output SCiB™, Toshiba’s advanced lithium-ion rechargeable battery, and will make regular trips between All Nippon Airways Co. Ltd. facilities in Tonomachi, Kawasaki and Haneda Airport in Tokyo. The 11-kilometer journey will test the bus and its performance under various traffic conditions, and will allow Toshiba to verify the convenience and practicality of contactless charging, along with its contribution to reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.
The contactless charger, designed in collaboration with Professor Yushi Kamiya of the Faculty of Science and Engineering at Waseda University, replaces conventional electromagnetic induction1 with an innovative and highly promising magnetic resonance2 system that is installed in the ground, under the bus. The system is easy to operate; charging starts once the driver pushes a button on the bus dashboard. As it is cable-free, all risk of electric shock is eliminated.
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Electromagnetic induction requires close alignment with the battery, and a small distance separating charge transmitting pad and receiving pad. Magnetic resonance is much more forgiving: The charge pad of Toshiba’s system and the SCiB™ battery can be misaligned by as much 20cm along the width and 10cm along the length, and they can be as far as 10cm apart. Tests have verified that the system’s radio emission level meets limit regulations and do not interfere with radio signals of nearby equipment.
The SCiB™ battery of the type installed in the test EV bus is rugged, reliable and has a long life, showing almost no fall-off in performance even after 15,000 quick charge and discharge cycles. It is highly suited for use on shuttle buses operating at locations such as tourist sites and airports, which must combine heavy use with frequent and fast charging. It takes only 15 minutes or so to charge SCiB™ to a level necessary for the EV bus to run one-way between the test sites.
The battery also delivers high output that, combined with improvement in performance of drive components allows the bus to achieve a top speed surpassing that required for safe operation on expressways.
Commenting on the project, Professor Kamiya said, “I think we have developed a high-quality system by combining the new, convenient contactless charger with a high-power SCiB™ suited to frequent charging. I look forward to the field testing, as it will be the first time where a bus charged in this way has operated on the expressway. I am confident that the results will make a useful contribution to the promotion of EV buses.”
Development of this system has been supported by the Ministry of the Environment under its Low Carbon Technology Research and Development Program since 2014. A field test that deployed a small EV bus incorporating a similar charging technology started in February this year and will run until December.
Toshiba will continue research and development of contactless charging and other advanced technologies that contribute to reducing environmental loads, and work to improve the quality of urban transport by providing SCiB™ for various transportation systems.
Note:
[1]Contactless charging where power is transferred by magnetic fields using magnetic inductive coupling between coils of wire.
[2]Magnetic resonance has a longer power transmission range than electromagnetic induction, realized by utilizing magnetic resonance to equalizing the resonance frequency of the transmitting pad and receiving pad in addition to power transmission by electromagnetic induction.
| System components | One electric bus and one contactless charger |
| Bus specifications
(Reference) |
Size: 8.9 meters long, 2.3 meters wide, 3.0 meters high
Weight: 8,220 kg Passenger capacity: 45 Battery capacity: 52.9 kWh Travel distance per charge: Approximately 89km Maximum speed: 93kph (measured result in test course) |
| Distance between transmitter and receiver | 10 cm |
| Alignment tolerance | Up to up 20cm widthwise and up to 10cm lengthwise |
| Charge time | Approximately 15 minutes |
| Period | From June 2016 to December 2016 |
| Route | Between business centers of ANA in Tonomachi, Kawasaki and Haneda Airport |
| Frequency | 3 round trips a day |
| Passengers | ANA Group employees |
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