Graphene Solar Cells Produce Electricity from Sun and Rain

Adding graphene to solar cells makes them generate power from rain.

Solar power has been on a continuous rise over the past decade. Rooftop solar is arguably the most common renewable energy source for home use, and solar power plants are arguably the biggest renewable energy large scale generators.

But, regardless of all this, there is still something that limits solar power generation, and that is the weather.

In order for solar cells to produce electricity, there has to be sun. Rain is sometimes welcome (preferably at night), to clean up dust and soil particles that could limit the efficiency of the cells. However, generally, rain and clouds are not associated with optimal solar cell functions.

A team of Chinese material scientists at Ocean University of China in Qingdao, decided to explore what possibilities are out there that could help solar cells overcome this problem. In other words, they went on a quest to find the right material that can help power generation ofsolar cells by both sun and rain. I guess it is not very surprising to say that graphene, the miracle material, yet again proved to be the best.

Graphene was chosen due to its ability to attract calcium, sodium, ammonium, or in general, positively charged ions. This ultimately results in forming layers of positive and negative ions, which act a bit like energy storage capacitors.

The team decided to bet on this exact property of graphene, and tested what would happen if the material is added to regular dye-sensitized solar cells. They then placed the cells with grapene onto a transparent flexible sheet made of plastic and indium tin oxide. Rain from salty water was simulated to test the performance of the new solar cells.

The result was pretty impressive- flexible solar cell with conversion efficiency of 6.5 percent. Under the simulated rain, the cells also produced “hundreds of microvolts” of power.

The findings, published in the journal Angewandte Chemie International Edition, are very significant and promising. They indicate that improvements in this technology could lead to development of solar cells that can produce electricity in any weather.

The team is hopeful that their future research will help them boost the conversion efficiency. They are now looking to find out how different ions found in rainwater affect energy prediction. The aim is to find ways to overcome the variation in concentrations of this ions.